Which two factors are required for an accident to occur, according to the material?

• A. The Hazard and Exposure to the Hazard
• B. The Hazard and Control Measures
• C. The Risk and Exposure
• D. The Injury and Exposure

Answer: (A)

Accidents happen when there is a hazard present and someone is exposed to that hazard. The hazard is the thing with the potential to cause harm, and exposure means coming into contact with or being in proximity to that hazard. If either element is missing—no hazard or no exposure—an accident cannot occur, even if other risky conditions exist. This is why the required pair is the hazard plus exposure to it.

Why the other ideas don’t fit: control measures aren’t needed for an accident to occur; they’re tools to prevent accidents by reducing exposure or removing hazards. Risk is a way to describe the likelihood and severity of harm, not a literal condition that must be present for an accident to happen. Injury is the outcome of an accident, not a prerequisite condition.